无人机CE认证法规UAS(EU) 2019/945怎么办理

2019年3月12日关于无人飞机系统和第三国无人飞机系统运营商的委员会授权法规(EU) 2019/945

2020年7月20日，欧盟委员会授权法规(EU) 2020/1058修订授权法规(EU) 2019/945，涉及引入两种新的无人飞机系统类别OJ L 232

UAS：Unmanned aircraft systems无人机系统：

Conformity evaluation process according to the Regulation (EU) 2019/945 based on unmanned aircraft system

根据法规(EU) 2019/945基于无人机系统的符合性评估流程

标准适用范围：

1.本条例第二章适用于下列产品:

(a) 根据实施法规(EU) 2019/947，无人机计划在适用于“开放”无人机操作类别的规则和条件下操作，私人建造的无人机除外，并带有本法规附件第1至5部分中所列的类别标识标签，表明其属于实施法规(EU) 2019/947中提到的5个UAS类别中的哪一个

Unmanned aircraft system class C0

Unmanned aircraft system class C1

Unmanned aircraft system class C2

Unmanned aircraft system class C3

Unmanned aircraft system class C4

(b) 本法规附件第6部分所列的远程识别附加组件

2.本法规第三章适用于根据实施法规(EU) 2019/947，在适用于“认证”和“特定”无人机操作类别的规则和条件下操作的无人机。

3 本法规第四章适用于主要营业地在第三国建立或居住的无人机系统运营商，如果无人机系统是在欧盟运营的

4.本法规不适用于仅在室内操作的无人飞行系统。

UAS CATEGORIES 无人机类别

1）Open 类别

Lowest risk; 低风险

UA divided into 5 classes: C0 – C4; 无人机分为C0 – C4 5类

Operations divided into 3 subcategories: A1 – A3, on the basis of operational limitations, requirements for the remote pilot and technical requirements for UAS; 操作分为3个子类别:A1—A3，根据操作限制、对远程飞行员的要求和对无人机系统的技术要求;

要求REQUIREMENTS

✓ MTOM < 25 kg; 低于25千克

✓ UA does not carry dangerous goods; 不携带危险品

✓ UA does not drop any material; 不掉任何材料

✓ No autonomous operations; 没有自主操作;

✓ Remote pilot minimum age 16, unless supervised远程飞行员*低年龄16岁，除非有人监督

✓ Remote pilot keeps the UA in VLOS 视距内飞行

✓ UA does not fly over assemblies of people; 不会飞过人群聚集的地方

✓ UA is maintained within 120 m from the closest point of the surface of the earth, except when overflying an obstacle (permission required from entity responsible for obstacle); 距离地球表面*近点的距离不超过120米，除非飞越障碍物(需要获得障碍物负责单位的许可);

2）Specific 类别

Classes C5 & C6 have same technical requirements as class C3 UAS with addition of:

C5和C6级无人机的技术要求与C3级无人机相同，但增加了:

1. Health monitor of the C2 link; C2链接的运行状况监视;

2. Provide information on UA speed and height; 提供无人机速度和高度信息;

3. Flight Termination system; 飞行终止系统;

4. Optional geo-awareness; 可选的地理感知;

C5：

No fixed wings没有固定的机翼

Means to reduce the effect of the UA dynamics (i.e. Parachute); 减少UA动态影响的方法(如降落伞)

Accessories kit to transform a class C3 UAS；改装C3级无人机的配件套件

C6:

Provide information on UA position; 提供无人机位置信息;

Maximum ground speed ＜50 m/s；*大地面速度<50米/秒

Geo-caging;地理锁定

Low speed mode selectable up to 5m/s; 低速模式可选，*高5m/s;

Automatic modes; 自动模式

3）Certified 类别

要求

Certification of aircraft 飞机认证

Certification of the operator 操作员认证

Licensing of remote pilots遥控飞行员的证件

UAS operations are always considered to be in the ‘certified’ category when they:

当UAS的操作被认为是在“认证”的类别:

1. Are conducted over assemblies of people with a UA with characteristic dimensions ≥ 3m; or 是否在UA特征尺寸≥3m的人群集会上进行或者

2. Involve the transport of people; or包括人员运输;或

3. Involve the carriage of dangerous goods that may result in a high risk for third parties in the event of an accident 涉及危险货物的运输，可能导致高风险的第三方在事故的情况下

A UAS operation belongs to the ‘certified’ category when, based on the risk assessment, the competent authority considers that the risk cannot be mitigated adequately without the:

如果主管当局根据风险评估认为，如果不具备以下条件，就无法充分降低风险，则无人机系统操作属于“认证”类别:

1. Certification of the airworthiness of the UAS; “无人飞行系统”适航认证;

2. Certification of the UAS operator; and UAS操作员的认证

3. Licensing of the remote pilot, unless the UAS is fully autonomous. 远程飞行员的许可，除非无人机是完全自主的。